The Struggle For Political Balance - 1347 Words

Delaney Reed Mrs. Barcroft AP Government 9 October 2015 The Struggle for Political Balance Americans were known as a pioneering people who would struggle and fight to build for themselves. A people who pushed the entire world into a new era and has continued to push the limits of technology, military, and culture. After Britain finally surrendered the colonies to the American citizens a new republican experiment was conducted. One that is still going on to this very day and every citizen of America is a part of this grand experiment. The British Colonies were independent from one another before the American Revolution, but a shared enemy began a strong bond between the states. After things settled down the states were allied with one another in a form of confederation and then finally under the Constitution as a united republic nation. There were those who were not completely for a strong central government and favored the confederate style, but there were also those who found comfort and strength in a centralized federal government. Th is federalist versus anti-federalist debate has continued throughout all of American history each side with its strengths and weaknesses. The development of the debate and increase in federalism in American government can be highlighted by the doctrine of implied powers, commerce clause, the American Civil War, and the struggle for civil rights. Chief Justice Marshall was a pioneer for setting government precedents and advocated for aShow MoreRelatedNational Collective Action Essay1031 Words   |  5 Pagescompromises were necessary in order to solve these conflicts. The framers adopted certain changes that helped to balance the need for effective national collective action against the dangers inherent in the delegation of any authority. 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Kinship of two cultures Free Essays

INTRODUCTION â€Å"Culture is a shared, learned, symbolic system of values, beliefs and attitudes that shapes and influences perception and behavior†(). Culture influences people and it shapes people in manifesting a particular identity. Every individual is greatly influence by his culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Kinship of two cultures or any similar topic only for you Order Now When people see a man and the way he is living his life, he can easily be identified as part of a particular culture. People from a particular place are always intertwined with a particular culture as seen in their pattern of actions and beliefs and way of life in general. It is of an inevitable reality that cultures differ around the world. Every place and context has their own unique set of norms, beliefs and practices. These set of norms, beliefs and practices make up the identity of a culture. These make up the whole of their system. A particular culture produces a pattern of actions that a group of people will manifest as they live in this world. Because of the diversity of cultures of people from different places around the world, there exist conflicts due to differences if one culture is imposing its will to the other. In this paper, we will dwell on two rich cultures- the Dinkas and Amhara People. We will try to show their similarities and as well as differences. The two cultures that are the subject of this paper will be thoroughly examined. Therefore, without further delay, let us begin our discussion. THE DINKA CULTURE IN SOUTHERN SUDAN The Dinkas are found In Southern Sudan. It is the largest ethnic group region in the Nile Basin. The Dinkas have the population of 3-4 million people that comprises approximately 45% of the population of the whole country. The Dinkas are known to have beautiful women in their tribe and known to even grow up to seven feet tall. One of their famous tribe members is the former National basketball Association (NBA) player Manute Bol who stood for 7’7†. This tribe at the Nile River is also known to maintain a culture of marrying people within their communities and even families. â€Å"Most of Dinkas beliefs that keeping cultures in our modern societies is beneficial enough to keep generations move successfully. The Dinkas believed that maintaining their culture amidst the changing world is the road to the next generation’s success†(http://www.madingbor.com/page/page/2064097.htm). This is the reason why even in the influences of many diverse cultures, the Dinkas still maintained and treasured the richness of their culture. Men in having their own families in the Dinka tribe, they must at least be eighteen years old and above. This age bracket is perceived by Dinkas as an age that can already be capable of providing for a family and considered as persons who can live with their own. The Dinkas live a pastoral life, relying mainly on livestock. In a Dinka family, the husband is the provider in the family. He brings something to eat for the family. The wife is the one who cooks for the family, the one in charge for preparing food for the whole house and in taking care of the children in the family. The wives in the Dinka communities are obedient and respectful women for their husbands. Despite the growing influences of other cultures in women empowerment, they remain in this family devotion of women. In cases of the death of the husband or absence for a long time, the wife is asked to remarry. Remarrying for the wife would mean marrying the brothers of his husband. If there is no brother available, the first cousins of her husband are the second option. This remarrying scheme is for the purpose of bearing a child that would be named after the deceased person. The culture believes that in doing such practice, they are maintaining the dignity of their generations from their fore-fathers to the grand children. The act is called â€Å"lahot† or entering the hut. The Dinkas give emphasis on the purity of their culture that is manifested in their practices of remarriages. THE AMHARA CULTURE OF ETHIOPIA The Amhara people of Ethiopia are one o the most dominant cultural and political group in Africa. Their population is at 15,000,000. These people live in the highlands of Ethiopia. The Amhara people are mostly farmers. The tribe can be traced back from Menelik I who is a child born of the King Solomon and Queen Sheba. â€Å"The Amhara appear to be descended from the same people group as the Tigray-Tigrinya people.   Their Sabaean ancestors came to the highlands of what is now Eritrea and Ethiopia from the Arabian Peninsula†(http://endor.hsutx.edu/~obiwan/profiles/amhara.html). The general situation in the Amhara farming society is very hard. They live in terrains and mountains because of wanting their place to be easily defended but at the same time making it hard for them to travel and move. They have the advantage in defense but also have the disadvantage in mobility. The location of their community is hard to reach by foreigners because of rugged mountain terrains. The people in Amhara believe that children must be breast feed in two years. No hard discipline is imposed to the children until the age of four. On the fortieth day after birth, the boys in the family will be baptized and the girls are on the eightieth day. As early as the age of five and six, the children are trained to watch their family animals such as sheep and goats. The boys are in charge in watching over the animals and the girls are in charge in accompanying their mother in gathering firewood to use in cooking. Girls of the tribe are allowed to get married in an average age of 14. The boys to be grooms are normally 3-5 years older of the bride. â€Å"Most marriages are negotiated by the two families, with a civil ceremony sealing the contract. A priest may be present. Divorce is allowed and must also be negotiated. There is also a â€Å"temporary marriage,† by oral contract before witnesses. The woman is paid housekeeper’s wages, and is not eligible for inheritance, but children of the marriage are legally recognized and qualify for inheritance. Priests may marry but not eligible for divorce or remarriage† (http://www.africaguide.com/culture/tribes/amhara.htm). Women also banner the attitude of respect and to their husbands. Priests are only allowed to get married once. There is variety of religions present in the Amhara culture but the most dominant religion is the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. The Amhara people are not fond of trusting people coming from other places. They are people who are cautious in their relation to foreign people and things. COMPARISON AND CONTRAST The two cultures highlighted in this paper (Dinka and Amhara) are two great cultures who have rich traditions. In looking at the two cultures, there are noticeable similarities and as well as differences. The Dinkas lived in the Basin of the Nile while the Amhara people are from high terrains and mountains. It is harder for the Amhara people to be accessed by foreign people and even for them to travel. The two cultures rely more on farming and animal raising as the source of their subsistence but it was harder for the Amhara people to farm because of the location of their inhabited places while it is also harder for the Dinkas to defend themselves from foreign enemies because also of the location of their homes. The Dinkas however, are more conservative in their view of marriage. Though in both cultures, remarrying is allowed, the Dinkas only allow remarrying if the husband has already died or absent for a long time. In Amhara tribe, divorce is allowed and is done by negotiation. In the Dinka tribe, they are more giving emphasis to family dignity that is why they only allow women to get married again if she marries the brother or the cousin of the former husband. The Amhara tribe on the other hand, allows their priests to get married. The two tribes have the same view on the women in their families. Women are there to prepare food for the whole family and to take care of their children. Women have respect for their husbands in both of the tribes. The marrying age for men however differs for the two tribes. The Amhara tribe allows a lower marrying age at approximately at least 16 years old while the Dinka tribe allows men to get married at 18 years old. CONCLUSION There are a lot of different cultures around the world. No culture is exactly the same with another. It is of great reality that culture is different coming from different contexts. In the case of the two cultures examined and discussed I this paper, there are differences found and as well as similarities. This presupposes the richness of one’s culture. We cannot really limit the innovativeness of people’s minds. The only certain in this world is the constant development of cultures in their beliefs and practices and there is a constant change in it. The conception of people regarding families also evolves through time and differs in different cultures. May this paper remind us how rich people’s cultures and how they evolve and grow over time. Cultures are true manifestations of man’s richness in his mind and in his being because cultures are created from people’s discovery and thinking. The cultures of today may not be present tomorrow but it is of great significance in building tomorrow’s cultures. BIBLIOGRAPHY Jenkins, Orville Boyd Lundquist Robert. The Amhara People of Ethiopia. 2006. 10 Mar. 2007 http://endor.hsutx.edu/~obiwan/profiles/amhara.html Kuol, William. Dinka Religion and Culture. 10 Mar. 2007 http://www.angelfire.com/alt/dengka3/Background.html Dinka Background. 10 Mar. 2007 http://www.madingbor.com/page/page/2064097.htm African People Culture. 10 Mar. 2007 http://www.africaguide.com/culture/tribes/amhara.htm http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/anthropology/courses/122/module1/symbolic.html How to cite Kinship of two cultures, Essay examples

Discuss Social/Psychological Explanations Given For Schizophrenia Essay Example For Students

Discuss Social/Psychological Explanations Given For Schizophrenia Essay Page 255 Question 4 (a) and (b)DESCRIBE ANY ONE MENTAL DISORDER. DISCUSS SOCIAL/PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS GIVEN FORTHIS DISORDER. SCHIZOPHRENIASchizophrenia is a serious psychotic disorder that is characterised by a loss of contact with reality. Kraepelin in 1902 originally called schizophrenia Dementia Praecox which is a senility of youth. He believed that the typical symptoms were due to a form of mental deterioration which began in adolescence. Symptoms are mainly disturbances of thought processes but also extend to disturbances of behaviour and emotion. There are two traditional symptom categories of schizophrenia. Acute schizophrenia is classified as type one, as a functional disorder which has positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Chronic schizophrenia is classified as type two, as an organic disorder which has negative symptoms such as apathy and withdrawal. These two main symptom categories have been abandoned by DSM-IV, which is the latest version of the American manual for all mental disorders, symptoms and possible treatments. Schizophrenia is now classified into three main subtypes, paranoid in which the person is less disturbed, disorganised or hebephrenic which is what most people associate schizophrenia as, and catatonic which is the most serious of the three. In paranoid schizophrenia the person may have delusions of grandeur which is when they believe they are someone famous or grand for example The Messiah or Elvis, or when they believe they posses magical powers. Delusions of persecution is another symptom. This is when they believe that others are plotting against them, they are being spied upon, talked about or being deliberately victimised. Paranoid schizophrenia sufferers may also have auditory hallucinations which are voices heard in the absence of external stimuli which are often critical, warning them of danger or giving them commands. Slater and Roth in 1969 regarded hallucinations as the least important of all the symptoms because they are not exclusive to schizophrenia. In paranoid schizophrenia the personality is better preserved than in the other two kinds. It is a type one, functional, acute and positive type of schizophrenia. Disorganised schizophrenia typically makes a gradual appearance between the ages of twenty and twenty-five. The hebephrenic will display the symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia as well as disorganised behaviour and speech. The person may have severe disruption in the ability to perform everyday living activities such as showering, dressing themselves and preparing and cooking meals. They may speak inappropriately and say things that do not make any sense and are in a confusing order. Inappropriate behaviour may also be shown for example they might laugh when they are being told terrible news. They may have flat emotions, where no emotional response is shown. Their eyes are lifeless ,their speech is toneless and emotionless and they look like they are staring at nothing particular, into space. Their behaviour is out of context. The disorganised type is in-between the traditional classifications of positive and negative symptoms. Catatonic schizophrenia includes the symptoms of paranoid and disorganised schizophrenia along with some more serious symptoms, and is a type two, negative and chronic. The schizophrenic may show apathy which is the lack of interest in normal goals, the loss of drive when they feel drained of energy, tired and are unable to continue with things they have begun. Cataleptic stupor is also a symptom where the person stands motionless or in bizarre postures, like a statue. Excessive motor activity is common when they move in odd and disturbing ways, sudden movement which appears purposeless and is not implicated by external stimuli. The person may also repeatedly echo words spoken by others, or the accentuated imitation of the mannerisms of other people. This is called echolalia. Hypoglycemia EssayThere are now treatment programmes for the family of the schizophrenic including training in controlling expressed emotion. This approach has been criticised as many schizophrenics are not in contact with their family, or have minimal contact and yet there is no evidence that such people are less prone to relapse. This study was done by Goldstein in 1988. It could be argued that any social environment could be regarded as having high or low expressed emotion. High expressed emotion may well develop as a response to living with the burdens of schizophrenia. Bebbington and Kuipers in 1992 showed the results of prospective studies of expressed emotion. In all of the patients that returned to a home with high expressed emotion situation, the relapse rate is always higher than if the schizophrenic was returning to a home with low expressed emotion. The social/psychological explanations for schizophrenia are not conclusive but neither are all the other explanations as there is no cure for schizophrenia, the most serious of all mental disorders. I think that schizophrenia is inherited but not totally. There are other factors which can cause or worsen it when the schizophrenic is vulnerable and interact with environmental factors such as stressful life events. BibliographyReferences: Psychology for A Level. Cardwell, Clark and Meldrum. p246-255. 1987. Collins Educational. Psychology

The Swanston St. Wall Collapse

The Swanston St. Wall Collapse that happened on March 28 2013 thereby killing three people may have been occasioned by freak winds. The collapse resulted in deaths of Marie Faiwoo, Alexander, and Bridget Jones. On the day that the brick wall collapsed, there were gusts of wind that were witnessed during the afternoon. The wind was moving at 102 km/h.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Swanston St. Wall Collapse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Fairfax Media indicated that the wind was travelling at 83km/hr some minutes to 3pm. Authorities also reported that such wind was capable of breaking tree branches and/or dislodging roofs from houses. It is also speculated that the wall would have collapsed due to negligence by the necessary authorities. The Swanston Square has been neglected for the last 30years. This negligence could have resulted in its weakening and precariousness. The hoarding is highly attribute d to the parachuting effect of the wind and hence the collapse of the wall and fatalities. The advertisement board was almost one metre taller. The brick wall was approximately 2.5 metres. The board was therefore a huge protrusion on its face. When hoarding is done in a way that it becomes higher than the wall of attachment, it becomes hazardous, hence interfering with the safety of the wall. This claim is likely to be the reason behind the collapse of the Swanston St. Wall. The board could have played the role of a sail, hence making the strong wind collapse the wall. The Swanston wall was made of bricks. It was located at Swanston Street in Melbourne, which was a site on which the building development was to happen. This wall was erected in the early 60s and that it was almost the only remaining wall of the time. The wall was also among the structures that had not been demolished to pave a way for new constructions on the site. The site is owned by Grocon Pty Ltd. The Swanston wal l was adjacent to a footpath along the Swanston Street. When the wall collapsed, it did so in a linear way. The wall was about ten linear metres. The collapse went across the path where pedestrians passed, hence causing fatal injuries. Three pedestrians died from debris injuries. Two casualties died at the scene. Various bodies of investigation have since been involved in searching the truth on the Swanston St. Wall. Such bodies include the Coroner, WorkSafe, Victoria Police, and the Melbourne City council. The bodies are looking for facts about the collapse of the wall. Various sides of the story and speculations are being evaluated for facts.Advertising Looking for report on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The police officers had also requested that any individual that could have been present or near the scene during the collapse to come forward to assist them in the ongoing investigations. The investigation s have also found that there were other casualties that could have been injured by the collapsing brick wall although they were immediately rushed for treatment before the police and other security officers arrived on the scene. Such casualties may have the necessary information that the police and other investigative bodies have been looking for since the incidence happened. Any individual with footage or live recording of how the wall collapsed and/or how the initial response activities were carried out has also been requested to assist the investigation bodies. The bodies that could have authorised the hoarding of the advertisement have also been questioned. Investigative bodies are looking for any leads on whether there was negligence on the side of the owner company or any other authorising body. The hoarding of the advertisement board that went almost a metre above the wall must have been authorised by a particular body. Such information will lead to unearthing of the facts ab out the cause of any death. Speculations on the gust that was blowing across the town are also being investigated. Examinations have so far established that it was not very clear how the wind speed of 82 Km/h and 100Km/hr were related to the collapse of the wall since the tall buildings in the town affect the velocity of wind and eventually its measurement. Investigators are also looking for information on whether the advertisement board acted as a sail leading to the collapse of the wall. In addition, investigators are also looking for information concerning the bodies that should take responsibility of the fatalities and injuries. Investigations on the relatives to the three people that died from injuries have been successful. All the three bodies were handed over to the families for burial. Investigative bodies have also announced that people should report on any other structure that may be dangerous to human, animal, and property in their areas of operations. Authorities are the refore looking for other structures across the town that may pose a threat to human life. Deeper analysis of this accident proves that the accident was foreseeable. It is also clear that someone ought to have taken a step to prevent the fatalities that were not called for. In terms of ethical and legal matters, there were some authorities or persons that ought to have taken charge before the collapse of the wall. To begin with, the Swanston St. Wall was located next to a path that many pedestrians used.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Swanston St. Wall Collapse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The street was also next to an international school. It was therefore clear that there were bound to be fatalities if any accident happened along the street. A response mechanism ought to have been easy to access from this street. However, the security and rescue team arrived at the scene late. In fact, it did not eve n witness the initial stages of the collapse. It is for this reason that the security and investigation bodies still call upon those who were injured and rushed to hospitals on their own to come forward and assist in investigations. The government ought to provide a rescue mechanism for citizens across the city. A quick response to the tragedy could have saved the life of any victim who died in the hospital later. It is also the responsibility of the building and construction authorities to investigate and/or approve the building and erecting of various structures in the country. A wall such as this one that collapsed in a broad day light would have been averted. The authorities should have noted that the hoarding of the advertisement board was done wrongly and dangerously. An advertisement board that was erected on the wall in 2011 is highly attributed to the collapse of the wall and death of the three innocent people. If the authorities in charge of construction in Melbourne were hawk eyed and played a close investigative role, they would have noted that the advertisement board was wrongly done. The authorising body would have stopped the erection of the board on an already weak wall hence avert the fatalities. The building and construction authority in Australian should therefore take the legal and ethical responsibility. The body is mandated by law to protect the lives of its citizens and such negligence should be consequential. According to ‘The Sydney Morning Herald’ (April 12, 2013, p.11), some of the officers in the building and construction authority may have been consulted by the advertisers before they erected their advert. The regulating officers who gave a green light to the advertisers should also take the legal responsibility. In such a case, due diligence should have demanded the officers to visit the site of the construction to evaluate and/or assess the wall for its ability to withstand the advert board. In the same way, the auth orising officers would have visited the site of construction after the hoarding of the advert to assess its safety.Advertising Looking for report on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is at this point that they would have noted that the advertisement board had protruded by one metre above the height of the wall, hence posing a threat. However, ‘The Age’ (March 29, 2013, p.1) observes that someone must have neglected his or her duties and assumed that all would be well through assumption. The consequences of the assumption and negligence were death of three innocent pedestrians and injuries of many others. The municipal council of Melbourne should also take responsibility for the deaths. It is among the mandate of the municipal authorities to ensure safety of the people. The collapsed wall has been standing within their mandated areas for over 50 years. This wall was also among the oldest constructions in the area. The authorities should have secured the wall, reinforced it, or even elected warning signs on it. However, there were no warnings or instructions. Therefore, people just walked alongside the 10-metre wall that later collapsed. ‘The Age’ (March 29, 2013, p.1) associates this event with the death of three people who were trapped in the debris without a warning. The municipal authorities should also take moral and legal responsibilities. ‘The Age’ (March 30, 2013, p.5) asserts that Grocon Pty Ltd should also take responsibility for the three deaths together with the unknown number of injuries. The owner company must have had the necessary information about the wall. It is the company that holds the documents on how the wall was constructed, its durability, and lifespan. Furthermore, the company knew about the strength of the structure even before allowing for the erection of the advertisement board on it. In fact, the Grocon Pty Ltd Company administrators ought to be arrested and prosecuted for murder through negligence and carelessness. Officers of the company would have advised that the wall be demolished if it did not have enough stability to withstand its weight. In a similar way, officer s and company construction engineers would have advised against the erection of the advertisement board on the already weak wall. This could have saved the innocent lives. The weather forecast body in Australia also has a responsibility since it is mandated with the task of researching, analysing, and predicting weather conditions for the safety of people. The weather forecast department ought to have carried out its researches and analysis of weather to warn people of the impeding danger of the gust. According to ‘The Sydney Morning Herald’ (March 29, 2013, p.2), the moment the department recorded the speed of the wind to be between 82Km/hr and 100km/hr, it should have sent alarm messages to citizens through the media and other communication avenues. Considering the Victorian OHS Act of 2004, it is very possible that the ongoing investigations by WorkSafe Victoria will lead to prosecution of some individuals and some organisations. According to the Victorian OHS Act of 2004, Worksafe should always provide a clear advice and direction that can be accessed by all people. WorkSafe should also ensure compliance with OHS Act and its regulations. The current investigations by Worksafe Victorian will be useful in investigating about the collapse of the Swanston St. Wall because the OHS Act of 2004 makes specific the way all duties that are imposed by certain regulations should be done. This will assist WorkSafe implementation since the officers in charge of the investigations will have guidelines to follow in their pursuit of the Swanston St. Wall case. For example, they will follow the guidelines to evaluate who failed to play his or her rightful roles before the collapse of the wall. ‘The Age’ (May 1, 2013, p.2) reveals that it will therefore be possible for officers to pinpoint the actual points on which negligence happened with the procedural method of implementing and carrying out certain duties. For example, the hounding of the advert isement board on the wall was supposed to have followed a certain procedure before being cleared. ‘The Age’ (April 8, 2013, p.10) also sheds light that negligence would not have taken roots and that the wall would not have collapsed if the contractors who erected the board on the wall followed the due process. Consequently, no deaths would have been witnessed. A step-by-step evaluation of the process will indicate whether certain persons overstepped their mandate and/or whether others neglected the due process. Adams (2004, p.376) asserts that the OHS Act of 2004 requires certain activities to be licensed. Such activities include construction of buildings, walls and other structures. The owner company-Pty Ltd will therefore be required to produce the necessary documentation for the erection of the wall. ‘The Age’ (April 8, 2013, p.10) confirms that companies will be required to produce the necessary documentation to show that the engineers who erected the w all were qualified and that they were licensed. Mylett and Stubbs (2006, p.7) assert that the OHS Act of 2004 also requires proper documentation to be done. The proprietor of the wall will therefore be required by law to produce all the necessary documentation to show that the law, rules, and regulations were followed during the construction of the wall. ‘The Age’ (May 1, 2013, p.2) revealed how the Act requires the company to notify the necessary authorities on some of the occurrences. For example, Pty Ltd should have reported that the wall had grown weary and weak due to its age. The company engineers should also have been suspicious of what would have happened in case of a gust. This would especially be circumvented to investigate whether the engineers authorised the hounding of the wall that had protruded above the wall height by almost a whole metre. It is therefore possible that the OHS Act will enable the WorkSafe investigations to prosecute individuals and organ isations for negligence of duties and responsibilities. According to ‘The Age’ (May 24, 2013, p.15), the organisation and the regulation authorities from various departments that should ensure safety of people are also likely to be prosecuted using such laws. This move is likely to bear fruits during the investigations. Some of the lessons learned from this tragic accidents are that it is important to follow due diligence when dealing with any construction process. The tragedy also teaches people that it is also necessary for the state to always be equipped for disaster response. According to ‘The Sydney Morning Herald’ (March 29, 2013, p.2), if Victoria was well equipped to respond fast to the tragedy, she would have been able to save her life. However, in the tragedy, security officers and investigative bodies arrived at the scene long after the tragedy had happened. The tragedy also teaches people that it is important to take precaution. ‘The Ageâ €™ (May 11, 2013, p.4) reveals that Groco Pty Ltd should have taken precautions besides reporting about the disaster. The company should have erected warning signs so that pedestrians who walked just next to the wall would take precaution. This would have prevented the deaths of the three people. The company should also have sought the company of a qualified engineer or contractor for the erection of the advertisement board. ‘The Age’ (March 30, 2013, p.5) confirms that there is evidence to show that the advertisement board was not done in accordance with rules and regulations. There was negligence or ignorance on the side of the contractor or engineers who carried out the duties. Accidents like these are not very common in Australia. In fact, according to ‘The Age’ (May 24, 2013, p.15), the government has taken stern procedures to be followed when constructing walls, buildings and other structures to avoid such accidents. However, it seems that there w as clear negligence on the part of the owner and contractors. This negligence is what resulted in the rare deaths of people from collapsed walls or buildings. It is therefore important to reinforce the rules and Acts that govern the construction of structures. For example, the WorkSafe rules should be reinforced and implemented. Mylett and Stubbs (2006, p.7) assert that every other contractor and proprietor should ensure that he or she abides by the Occupational Health and Safety Acts. This will ensure that any uncalled-for accidents are minimised. Conclusion In my opinion, I believe that the OHS regulations should not to be altered in a bid to ensure prevention of accidents that result from collapsed buildings and walls. Adams (2004, p.376) argues that the OHS Act of 2004 is clear, precise, and professional. If walls are well-implemented, there will be few or no accidents resulting from collapsed buildings and walls. However, there is the need to alter the mode of reinforcing the r ules and regulations that guide professional engineering practices and work practices. ‘The Age’ (May 11, 2013, p.4) has put it clear that it is on the implementation and reinforcement of the professional engineering procedures that negligence or corruption comes in. Reinforcement of these procedures should be carried out to ensure that due diligence is followed whenever any construction work is carried out. ‘The Sydney Morning Herald’ (March 30, 2013, p. 3) asserts that the regulating authorities should also be vigilant in ensuring that all the necessary inspection procedures are undertaken before licensing. This will prevent any unplanned accidents. References Adams, K 2004, ‘Not Quite a Brave New World: Victoria’s Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004’, Deakin Law Review, vol. 10 no. 2, pp.376-392. Mylett, T Stubbs, J 2006, ‘Awareness of OHS Rights and Responsibilities: An Evaluation of a Trade Union Training Campaign’ , Employment Relations Record, vol. 6 no. 1, pp.1-21. ‘The Age’ 2013, Alarm bells sounded over rickety freeway noise walls, 11 May, p. 4. ‘The Age’ 2013, Freak winds may have led to fatal brick wall collapse, 23 May, p.3. ‘The Age’ 2013, Owners could be charged over wall fall as Grocon under fire, 30 March, p. 5. ‘The Age’ 2013, Service for wall victims, 14 May, p.10. ‘The Age’ 2013, The wall†¦ and why it came down, 3 April, p.1. ‘The Age’ 2013, Two killed in city wall collapse, 29 March, p.1. ‘The Age’ 2013, Wall charges mooted, 14 May, p.15. ‘The Age’ 2013, Wall death grief counselling for students, 5 April, p. 6. ‘The Age’ 2013, Workers in safety rally at CUB wall site, 1 May, p. 2. ‘The Sydney Morning Herald’ 2013, Frantic fight to dig out victims of fatal wall collapse in Melbourne, 29 March, p.2. ‘The Sydney Morning Herald’ 2013, H undreds farewell victims of tragic wall collapse, 12 April, p.11. ‘The Sydney Morning Herald’ 2013, Parents mourn ‘kind-hearted’ siblings killed in wall collapse, 1 April, p.6. ‘The Sydney Morning Herald’ 2013, Site under scrutiny as siblings hit by wall identified, 30 March, p. 3. This report on The Swanston St. Wall Collapse was written and submitted by user The Watchers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Renaissance Man Essay Example

The Renaissance Man Essay Example The Renaissance Man Essay The Renaissance Man Essay Tianna Woodson Mr. Kasik AP Language and Composition 25 September 2012 Many say that God is perfect, and if we are created in His image, aren’t we too, perfect? Since men have become literate there has been a debate about man’s true nature. Whether or not we are born pure, our true potential, and ideas about what a â€Å"good† man is have constantly been altered as men have evolved, learned, and even barbarized. Philosophers in the late 1400’s like Marsilio Ficino and Pico della Mirandola had their own ideas on what a real â€Å"Renaissance Man† was. Their radical ideas that men were born perfect, that we were created to rule the Earth like a god, and have the ability to become divine shook the foundation of the idea of the Renaissance man in the 1400’s. Pico della Mirandola was a philosopher in the 1400’s who believed that men had the power to choose their own destiny, no matter what their birth origins were or whether or not they were wealthy. The basis of his writing Oration of the Dignity of Man was that man can be whatever he wants; whether it is good and pure or bad and hellish. He tells us that our creator taught us, during our hour of creation, that we â€Å"shall have the power to degenerate into the lower forms of life which are savage. And you shall have the power, through reflection of your soul, to be reborn into the higher forms, which are divine†. Mirandola stressed that men were unbound in their abilities; that the power of free will was an absolute right to man. Using his idea that we are â€Å"constrained by no limits† he tried to encourage men to become divine by reaching out and grasping their potential. A Renaissance man, as defined by Pico della Mirandola, is a man that acknowledges his potential to be anything he wishes, and then uses that potential to achieve higher or lower statuses as he sees fit. Marsilio Ficino is much more specific when he describes a Renaissance man. He taught that not only do men have the power to become perfect, but that a true Renaissance man will strive to become divine like our creator. In his writing, The Soul of Man, he stresses the idea that â€Å"Man is the vicar of God† because man rules the Earth like God rules the heavens. Man’s natural nature, as defined by Ficino, is to control everything around him; from the animals, to the tools he uses, to the environment, and â€Å"He who governs the body in so many ways and so important ways is the vicar of the immortal God, he is no doubt immortal†. He also believes that we rule the Earth in the name of our Creator, that we do â€Å"everything for God’s sake†. In Ficino’s eyes, a true Renaissance man is a man who not only acknowledges his ability to become perfect but uses it to be so for their God. Ficino and Mirandola agreed on two attributes that a Renaissance man has. This trait is one they both agree that men ordain from God; that all men are born perfect. Mirandola believes that we are perfect simply because of our freedom. That we are â€Å"most fortunate creatures and therefore worthy of all admiration and given the highest rank in the universal chain of Being†. Mirandola believes that because of the freedom our Creator bestows upon us that we are all born free and worthy of praise. Ficino’s model of a Renaissance man is perfect because of what he does. Any man that controls his environment so efficiently like men do is perfect to Ficino. Man alone abounds such a perfection† simply because we control the aspects of our lives, which apparently animals and other â€Å"Beings† cannot. According to Mirandola and Ficino, a Renaissance man is perfect from the time he is created to the time he dies because of his freedom bestowed by God and because of his ability to control the things around him. The reason our Creator puts us here has always been a topic of discussion but even more of a debate has been how we can become what we were meant to be, how we can rise to our full potential. Both Mirandola and Ficino have opposing and agreeing views on the idea of a â€Å"perfect† man. Mirandola focuses on man’s potential, his ability be bad or good and using it to be so. Ficino says that the Renaissance man is perfect because he is the â€Å"vicar of God†; he uses what our Creator gave us to control that which is around him. They both think that a true Renaissance man is someone who is spiritually perfect, though for different reasons. The idea of a Renaissance man was influenced greatly by them in the 1400’s

Madison square garden new york Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Madison square garden new york - Essay Example This paper illustrates different aspects of the Garden along with a speculation of how such a sporting venue would be, if it was to be built today. The Garden was first completed at a cost of $3,000,000 in 1890 and underwent three major renovations thereafter. The sports culture and civilization that was prevalent in the New York City in the 1890’s and 1900’s shaped the Garden to emerge into a predominant sports venue. The Madison Square Garden (known as Madison Square Garden I) was located at the 26th Street and Madison Avenue. With a seating capacity of 10,000, the Garden was reopened to the public on May 31, 1879. The facility had a track cycling arena, and served as the venue for other popular sports such as boxing matches and circuses. The Garden I was also the first in the country to have an indoor rink. In 1890, the Madison Square Garden I was shut down. The Madison Square Garden II was designed by Mr. Stanford White, a member of the architecture firm McKim, Mead and White. The Garden II was also located at 26th and Madison Avenue. Built on Moorish architecture, the building measured 200 feet by 485 feet with 32 stories soaring over Madison Square Park, making it the second tallest building in the city then. The Gardens main hall had a seating capacity of 8,000 people. The Madison Square Garden II was replaced by the Madison Square Garden III in 1925. The Garden also temporarily held the Diana sculpture (Encyclopedia of New York City) (see fig. 1) designed by Augustus Saint-Gaudens. The Madison Square Garden III was located on 50th Street and Eighth Avenue, and had a seating capacity of 18,496. Built by Tex Rickard, a boxing promoter, the Garden III was in focus for the Barnum & bailey Circus and the Ringling Bros. The arena also hosted ice hockey, basket ball, boxing matches, and other different events. The Garden III was closed in 1967 mainly because of problems such as ventilation and poor lighting. Until

Evidence Law - Victoria (Australia) Legal Case Commentary Essay

Evidence Law - Victoria (Australia) Legal Case Commentary - Essay Example The rationale appears to be that a confession obtained involuntarily can not be relied upon for the truth of its contents. The court’s dilemma was succinctly stated by Gibbs J in Driscoll v The Queen, who said that, ‘it is very common for an accused person to deny that he made an oral confession which police witnesses swear that he made. The accused has an obvious motive to claim that police testimony of this kind is false. On the other hand it would be unreal to imagine that every police officer in every case is too scrupulous to succumb to the temptation to attempt to secure the conviction of a person whom he believes to be guilty by saying that he has confessed to the crime with which he is charged when in fact he has not done so.’ This aspect of the voluntary nature of confession statement becomes tricky in instances where police use unconventional means in the course of obtaining a confession statement. The court attempted to draw the line in balancing these conflicting motives for the admissibility of confession statements by restating the applicable test an applying it to a scenario where police used what amounted to entrapment in R v Tofilau